What Is Complex PTSD? Complex PTSD is a type of trauma often rooted in childhood experiences, including various forms of abuse or neglect. This trauma, occurring during critical developmental years, can significantly shape a person's personality, emotional state, and even brain structure. It typically results in a fractured sense of self, with various defensive and protective parts or subpersonalities. Those suffering from it may spend years trying to heal these fractures. Unlike PTSD, Complex P